Hair Transplantation- Cosmetic surgery _Indianmedicaltourism - Hair Transplantation-

1.     Hair transplantation

Loss of hair is a natural event which effects one in three men over the age of 30. Hair transplantation is a very successful procedure which came into existence in the 20^th century as a permanent solution to the most daunting problem of baldness faced by men. Hair exists in head as follicular units. Each follicular unit contains 1 to 4 hairs. In the most modern techniques of hair transplantation, the surgeons harvests hair as follicular groups from  portions of the head like sides and lower back that never go bald, and transplant them in the area where there is loss of hair. The area from where hair is harvested is known as donor portion and the area where hair is implanted is known as recipient portion.

There are a number of hair transplantation procedures that are practiced throughout the world. They are direct hair implantation (DHI), strip harvesting and follicular unit extraction (FUH). Each of them is explained below.

Direct hair implantation (DHI): This is the most advanced and efficient hair transplantation technique available. In this technique each hair is extracted from the donor portion and is implanted directly in the recipient portion. There are two protocols in practice for carrying out this procedure. As per one protocol the harvested hair is transplanted immediately using a special mplanter. As per the other protocol the harvested hair is not transplanted immediately, but it is transplanted after some delay. Advantages of this procedure include use of lesser anesthesia, less exposure of hair follicles to heat and light as no microscope is used in this procedure. Other advantages include earlier hair growth, less invasive procedure etc. After this procedure, shampoo washing of the hair has to be done daily for about 7 to 10 days. It has been found that though all the transplanted hair falls of within 10 days due to the trauma of relocation they re appear and start growing after two three months.

Follicular unit extraction (FUH): In this procedure the donor hair is removed by the surgeon in follicular units. For this purpose a special instrument is used to make circular incisions around follicular units. These units are then pulled from the scalp leaving a small opening there. This process is continued until the required number of follicular units of hair is collected. This process can be repeated as a session of one or more hours or a large session covering a good period of time. The wound in the head caused by the harvesting of the follicular units will heal within a week leaving tiny scars which will be covered by the remaining hair. For grafting the extracted follicular units tiny sites are created in the recipient area using an instrument with a fine needle point. The harvested follicular units are now placed in the sites prepared for this purpose which will grow into healthy hair producing follicular units. Advantages of this procedure include minimally invasive procedure, absence of linear scar and faster recovery.

Strip harvesting: In this procedure a strip of the donor tissue is removed from the donor area of the head where there is sufficient hair growth. This procedure is done under local anesthesia. With the help of fiber optic microscope the surgeon dissects this strip into micro grafts containing 1 to 4 hairs per graft and the remaining tissue is discarded. On the recipient side the surgeon creates tiny holes with required slopping and the micro grafts are surgically placed in these holes by the surgeon. The incision in the donor area is closed by suturing. After completing this procedure the surgeon double checks the transplanted micro grafts. At this stage the patient will be advised how to give proper post operative care. The donor area will be covered by bandage and the recipient area does not need any bandage and the wounds will be healed gradually and the scars will be covered by the newly grown hair. It may take about ten weeks for your newly transplanted hair to start growing and within six weeks the hair would have grown sufficiently that grooming can be done. There will be a long scar on the donor area. This will be covered by the remaining hair in that area. Existence of a scar on the donor area is the only drawback of this procedure.

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